Dialysis access is a way for doctors to connect a person’s bloodstream to a dialysis machine, which helps filter waste when the kidneys aren’t working well.

When kidneys fail, dialysis is needed to remove toxins and excess fluid. Access points, called “dialysis access sites,” are created to allow blood to flow to and from the machine safely and effectively.

Fistula: This is the most common and preferred method. A surgeon connects an artery to a nearby vein, usually in the arm. This creates a strong, durable access point that can handle the pressure needed for dialysis.

Graft: If a fistula isn’t possible, a synthetic tube can be implanted between an artery and vein. This is called a graft and is used when veins are too small or damaged.

Catheter: In emergency situations, a temporary catheter can be placed in a large vein, often in the neck or chest. This is less preferred for long-term use but allows immediate access for dialysis.

These procedures ensure that patients have reliable access for their treatment.